Pathological features and immune microenvironment in HER-2 intratumoral heterogeneous breast cancers / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To observe the clinical pathology features, and immune microenvironment of HER-2 intratumoral heterogeneity breast cancer. Methods: Thirty cases of HER-2 intratumoral heterogeneous breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from November 2017 to June 2020. HER-2 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and verified by dual color silver-enhanced in-situ hybridization (D-SISH). HER-2 intratumoral positive and negative regions were divided. The pathological characteristics, subtype, and the level of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the expression of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) were evaluated respectively. Results: The proportion of HER-2 positive cells of the breast cancer ranged from 10% to 90%. The pathological type was mainly invasive non-special typecarcinoma. Six cases presented different pathological types between HER-2 positive and negative regions. The HER-2-positive areas included 2 cases of carcinoma with apocrine differentiation, and the negative areas included 2 cases of invasive micropapillary carcinoma, 1 case of invasive papillary carcinoma, and 1 case of carcinoma with apocrine differentiation. In HER-2 positive regions, 17 cases were Luminal B and 13 cases were HER-2 overexpressed types. There were 22 cases of Luminal B and 8 cases of triple negative tumors in the HER-2 negative areas. The levels of TILs in HER-2 positive and negative areas accounted for 53.3% (16/30) and 26.7% (8/30), respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P=0.035). The positive expression of PD-L1 in HER-2 positive area and HER-2 negative area were 6 cases and 9 cases, respectively. Among 8 cases with HER-2 negative regions containing triple negative components, 4 cases were positive for PD-L1 expression. Conclusions: In the case of HER-2 intratumoral heterogeneity, it is necessary to pay attention to both HER-2 positive and negative regions, and evaluate subtype separately as far as possible. For HER-2 intratumoral heterogeneous breast cancer containing triple negative components, the treatment mode can be optimized by refining the intratumoral expression of PD-L1.

Expert Consensus on Rheumatic Immune Diseases Responding Specifically to Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

In the clinical practice of rheumatic immune diseases in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM），it`s still unclear about the dominant diseases and breakthrough points. It`s urgent missions to formulate TCM diagnosis and treatment guidelines widely recognized and integrated by traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. In order to clarify the dominant diseases and breakthrough points in rheumatism，China association of Chinese medicine initiated a research group covering experts in the field of rheumatism of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. Based on questionnaire survey and on-site discussion，experts had reached the following consensus. Evidence-based medicine research using modern medical methods and scientific methods should be carried out to provide objective clinical evidences. "Four mutuality" were put forward as the basis for the work of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine，that is the mutual communication using the exchangeable context，the mutual explanation using common theories，the mutual certification using common standards，and the mutual integration using common means. Key works should focus on solving refractory rheumatism in the future. In terms of dominant diseases and breakthrough points，this paper introduces 21 breakthrough points in 6 dominant diseases，including rheumatoid arthritis，ankylosing spondylitis，Sjogren's syndrome，hyperuricemia and gout，systemic lupus erythematosus and fibromyalgia syndrome. Advice on this discussion can provide valuable references for developing the treatment scheme of rheumatism with TCM and integrated Chinese and Western medicine and clinical practice and scientific research.

Effects of Respiratory Training on Pulmonary Function and Motor Function for Patients with Parkinson's Disease / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the effects of respiratory training on pulmonary and motor function for patients with Parkinson's disease. Methods:From January, 2018 to November, 2019, 60 inpatients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease from the Second Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai were randomly divided into control group (n = 30) and experimental group (n = 30). All the patients accepted routine rehabilitation, while the experimental group accepted respiratory training with Power Breathe in addition. They were measured the pulmonary function, and assessed with Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part II and III, and modified Barthel Index (MBI) before and four weeks after treatment. Results:The scores of UPDRS II and III, and MBI improved in both groups after treatment (|t| > 2.550, P < 0.05), while the forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and maximum expiratory flow rate at 50% vital capacity (MEF50) increased in the experimental group (|t| > 2.838, P < 0.01), but did not in the control group (|t| < 1.058, P > 0.05). FVC, FEV1, MEF50, MBI score and UPDRS II score improved more in the experimental group than in the control group (|t| > 2.191, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Respiratory training can improve pulmonary function for patients with Parkinson's disease, to further improve their activities of daily living. No synergistic effect is found on motor function.

A novel technique of three-dimensional reconstruction segmentation and analysis for sliced images of biological tissues / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

A novel technique of three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, segmentation, display and analysis of series slices of images including microscopic wide field optical sectioning by deconvolution method, cryo-electron microscope slices by Fourier-Bessel synthesis and electron tomography (ET), and a series of computed tomography (CT) was developed to perform simultaneous measurement on the structure and function of biomedical samples. The paper presents the 3D reconstruction segmentation display and analysis results of pollen spore, chaperonin, virus, head, cervical bone, tibia and carpus. At the same time, it also puts forward some potential applications of the new technique in the biomedical realm.